Engeza imali! Yandisa! Imizila emibili yemikhumbi ebaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, ikhiphe imithetho emisha! Impahla iyakhuphuka futhi?

I-Suez kanye ne-Panama Canals, ezimbili zezindlela zokuthutha ezibaluleke kakhulu emhlabeni, zikhiphe imithetho emisha. Imithetho emisha izokuthinta kanjani ukuthunyelwa kwempahla?

I-Panama Canal izokwandisa ithrafikhi yansuku zonke
Ngesikhathi sendawo se-11, i-Panama Canal Authority imemezele ukuthi izolungisa inani lemikhumbi yansuku zonke kusukela ku-24 yamanje kuya ku-27, umhla ziyi-18 kule nyanga, okuwukwanda kokuqala kwenani lemikhumbi kuya ku-26, 25 kusukela ekuqaleni kokwanda kuya ku-27. Kubikwa ukuthi i-Panama Canal Authority yenze lolu shintsho ngemuva kokuhlaziya amazinga amanje kanye namazinga abikezelwe eLake Gatun.

Ngenxa yesomiso eside esibangelwe yi-El Nino, iPanama Canal, njengomzila wamanzi onqamula ulwandle, yaqala ukusebenzisa izindlela zokonga amanzi ngoJulayi ngonyaka odlule, yanciphisa ukuhamba kwemikhumbi futhi yanciphisa ukujula komzila wamanzi. Lo msele ubulokhu unciphisa ukuhamba kwemikhumbi kancane kancane izinyanga eziningana, ngesinye isikhathi wehla waya ku-18 ngosuku.

I-Panama Canal Authority (ACP) ithe izindawo ezimbili ezengeziwe zizotholakala ngendali yezinsuku zokuhamba eziqala ngoMashi 18, kanti enye indawo eyengeziwe izotholakala ngezinsuku zokuhamba eziqala ngoMashi 25.
Uma igcwele, iPanama Canal ingadlula imikhumbi efinyelela ku-40 ngosuku. Ngaphambilini, iPanama Canal Authority yanciphisa ukujula okuphezulu kokudonsa emanzini ezindaweni zayo ezinkulu ngenkathi inciphisa ukuwela kwansuku zonke.
Kusukela ngomhlaka-12 Mashi, kwakunemikhumbi engu-47 elinde ukudlula emseleni, isuka esicongweni sayo esingaphezu kuka-160 ngo-Agasti ngonyaka odlule.
Njengamanje, isikhathi sokulinda indlela engahleliwe eya enyakatho ngomsele siyizinsuku ezingu-0.4, kanti isikhathi sokulinda indlela eya eningizimu ngomsele siyizinsuku ezi-5.

I-Suez Canal ikhokhisa imali eyengeziwe eminye imikhumbi
I-Suez Canal Authority imemezele ngoLwesithathu ukuthi inqume ukukhokhisa imali eyengeziwe engu-$5,000 emikhunjini enqaba noma engakwazi ukwamukela izinsizakalo zokubopha kusukela ngoMeyi 1. I-arhente iphinde yamemezela amazinga amasha enkonzo yokubopha nokukhanyisa, okuzokhokhisa isamba esingu-$3,500 ngomkhumbi ngamunye ngezinsizakalo zokubopha nokukhanyisa ezihleliwe. Uma umkhumbi odlulayo udinga isevisi yokukhanyisa noma ukukhanya kungahambisani nemithethonqubo yokuhamba, imali yesevisi yokukhanyisa esigabeni esandulele izokhushulwa ngo-$1,000, okuyisamba esingu-$4,500.

I-Suez Canal Authority yamemezela ngoMashi 12 ukuthi inqume ukukhokhisa imali eyengeziwe engu-$5,000 emikhunjini enqaba noma engakwazi ukwamukela izinsizakalo zokubopha kusukela ngoMeyi 1.

Engxoxweni yakamuva nethelevishini yendawo, usihlalo weSuez Canal Authority, uRabieh, wembule ukuthi imali engenayo eSuez Canal phakathi kukaJanuwari nokuqala kukaMashi kulo nyaka yehle ngamaphesenti angama-50 uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule.
Ithrafikhi yemikhumbi edlula eSuez Canal okwamanje yehle ngo-40% ngenxa yokungezwani oLwandle Olubomvu kanye nenani elikhulu lemikhumbi eqondiswayo.

Amanani empahla eya eYurophu akhuphuke kakhulu
Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva ekhishwe yi-Korea Customs Service, ngoJanuwari kulo nyaka, imithwalo yasolwandle yeziqukathi zokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe ezivela eNingizimu Korea ziya eYurophu ikhuphuke ngo-72% kunenyanga edlule, ifinyelela ukwanda okuphezulu kakhulu selokhu kwaqala izibalo ngo-2019.
Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi inkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu ithinte izinkampani zemikhumbi ukuba ziphendukele eCape of Good Hope eNingizimu Afrika, futhi uhambo olude luholele emananini aphezulu empahla. Ukwandiswa kwezikhathi zokuthumela kanye nokwehla kokushintshana kwama-container kube nomthelela omubi ekuthunyelweni kweNingizimu Korea ngaphandle. Ngokusho kwedatha yakamuva evela kwiBusan Customs, ukuthunyelwa kwempahla edolobheni kwehle cishe ngamaphesenti ayi-10 ngenyanga edlule uma kuqhathaniswa nesikhathi esifanayo ngonyaka odlule, lapho ukuthunyelwa kwempahla eYurophu kwehle ngamaphesenti angama-49. Isizathu esiyinhloko ukuthi ngenxa yenkinga yoLwandle Olubomvu, kunzima ukuthola inkampani yokuthutha izimoto esuka eBusan iye eYurophu, futhi ukuthunyelwa kwezimoto zasendaweni kuvinjelwe.