Ngokuthuthuka kwezinga lokuphila, ukusetshenziswa kwabantu kukhule unyaka nonyaka, okwandisa isidingo sezindwangu. Ngokuphambene nalokho, umhlabathi wokulima woMhlaba uyancipha kancane kancane. Lokhu kudala ingcindezi enkulu yokutholakala kwempahla kukotini — izinto zokusetshenziswa eziyinhloko zezindwangu — futhi igebe lokutholakala kwempahla lingaqhubeka landa esikhathini esizayo.
Ngokusho kwabangaphakathi, eminyakeni emithathu edlule, amanani ezilimo zokusanhlamvu ezifana nokolweni, ummbila kanye nelayisi akhuphuke njalo, kuyilapho izindawo zokutshala ukotini zilokhu zincipha. Phakathi neminyaka emibili, indawo yokutshala ukotini kazwelonke yehle cishe ngama-mu ayizigidi ezingu-14. Ngakho-ke, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthuthukisa ezinye izinto zokusetshenziswa kwendwangu ukotini ukuze kugcwaliswe igebe lokuphakelwa kokotini. Ukuthuthukisa ubuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezinto zokwakha ezilondoloza amandla, ezinobungani nemvelo kumelela umkhuba ongenakugwenywa embonini yezindwangu. Kuye kwathuthukiswa izinto eziningi ezintsha kuze kube manje. Izintatheli ezivela kuleli phephandaba ziqoqe ulwazi ngezinye zalezi zinto futhi zenze ucwaningo oluhlangene ne-First Textile Network. Ochwepheshe abavela emkhakheni wezindwangu nezembatho balinganise lezi zinto ezintsha ngezilinganiso zezinkanyezi. I-bamboo fiber iwine i-“Creativity Star” kanye ne-“Prospect Star”; isitshalo sohlobo olusha i-hemp fiber sithole i-“Eco‑Friendly Star” kanye ne-“Low‑Cost Star”.
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I-Corn Fiber kanye ne-Seaweed Fiber
Ubungane bemvelo: ★★
Ubuciko: ★
Ukusebenza Okungabizi Kakhulu: ★★★★
Ithemba Lokuthuthukiswa: ★★★
Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele: kuyabola, ukumelana ne-UV
Eminyakeni eyisithupha kuya kweyisikhombisa edlule, ukunyakaza kokulwa nokotini kwanda kakhulu kwamanye amazwe. Abantu banciphisa kancane kancane ukusetshenziswa kwabo kwemikhiqizo yokotini futhi baphendukela kwezinye izindlela ezisekelwe ezitshalweni. I-fiber yommbila (i-polylactic acid fiber, i-PLA fiber) isibe yindawo enhle kakhulu yokufaka ukotini. Amabhizinisi amaningi asekhaya eShayina nawo athuthukise i-fiber entsha esuselwa ku-bio kanye nezindwangu ezithathwe kummbila.
I-fiber yommbila iyi-fiber yokwenziwa ekhiqizwa ngokusebenzisa isitashi esivela kummbila, ukolweni kanye nezinye izitshalo njenge-feedstock. I-starch ivundiswa ibe yi-lactic acid, ilandelwe yi-polymerization kanye ne-spinning. Inomjikelezo ophelele wokujikeleza kwezinto zemvelo. I-fiber iyabola. Ithambile, ibushelelezi, inamandla aphezulu, iyamunca umswakama futhi iyaphefumula. Imikhiqizo eqediwe ine-luster efana nesilika, umuzwa wesikhumba okhululekile kanye nokugoba okuhle. Iphinde inikeze ukumelana nokushisa okuhle kanye nokusebenza kokuvikela i-UV kwezicelo zezingubo. Njengoba kungekho zinhlobo zokudla zamakhemikhali ezisekelwe kuphethiloli ezisetshenziswayo, imfucuza yayo ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-carbon dioxide namanzi yizinto ezincane enhlabathini nasemanzini olwandle ngaphandle kokungcolisa imvelo. Izinto zayo zokuqala ziyi-starch enomjikelezo omfushane wokuvuselelwa cishe wonyaka owodwa kuya kwemibili. I-carbon dioxide ekhiqizwa ngesikhathi somjikelezo wayo wokuphila ingadliwa yi-plant photosynthesis ukuze kwehliswe amazinga e-CO₂ asemkhathini.
I-fiber yolwandle, enye i-fiber yendwangu, inezakhiwo eziningi ezihlukile ezingekho kuma-fiber avamile. Ukusebenza kwayo okuvimbela umlilo kudlula amazinga omhlaba ngamaphesenti ayi-10, futhi ngeke ikwazi ukugcina ilangabi elivulekile emoyeni. Uma kuqhathaniswa nama-fiber avamile avela emhlabeni kanye nama-fiber okwenziwa, isindisa izinsiza zomhlaba futhi isiza ekuhlanzeni imvelo, ngenqubo yokukhiqiza ephansi ngokuphelele kwe-carbon kanye nohlaza. Iphinde inikeze imiphumela ethile yokuvikela imisebe, ukulwa namagciwane kanye nokuthambisa, ijabulela amathuba amaningi okusetshenziswa kwezokwelapha nge-biomedicine, izingubo eziphezulu kanye nezinsimu ezihlobene nokuvikelwa kwemvelo.
I-Bamboo Fiber
Ubungane bemvelo: ★
Ubuciko: ★★★★★
Ukusebenza okungabizi kakhulu: ★★
Ithemba Lokuthuthukiswa: ★★★★★
Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele: ikhwalithi ephezulu kodwa intengo ephezulu
I-bamboo fiber iyi-cellulose fiber evuselelwe eyenziwe nge-bamboo ekhuliswe ngokwemvelo esakazeke kabanzi kulo lonke elaseShayina. Ngokungafani ne-bamboo fiber yemvelo eluhlaza, iwela esigabeni se-fiber yamakhemikhali. Emakethe yasekhaya yaseShayina, i-T-shirt evamile enezithombe eyenziwe nge-bamboo fiber ithengiswa cishe ngamadola aseMelika angu-33, kuyilapho isudi ye-bamboo fiber eJapane ingabiza kusukela kumadola aseMelika angu-500 kuya ku-1000. Ukuthuthukisa i-bamboo fiber evuselelwe nokukhuthaza "i-bamboo yekotini" akugcini nje ngokunciphisa ukushoda kwe-fiber yemvelo, kodwa futhi kuvula izindlela ezintsha zokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kwezinsiza eziningi ze-bamboo zaseShayina.
Izakhiwo zemvelo zokuvimbela amagciwane, amagciwane kanye nokuvimbela i-UV zezindwangu ze-bamboo fibre zihlala zinjalo ngemva kokugezwa okuphindaphindiwe kanye nokuchayeka elangeni. Izinqubo zokukhiqiza zobuchwepheshe obuphezulu zigcina izingxenye ezisebenzayo ezibangela lezi zici, zinikeze ukusebenza okungcono kakhulu kwamagciwane kunemikhiqizo eminingi encintisanayo. Ngokungafani nezindwangu eziqedwa ngokufaka ama-antibacterial noma ama-UV amelana ne-UV ngemva kokwelashwa, azibangeli ukusabela kwesikhumba okungezwani. Esikhundleni salokho, inikeza izinzuzo zokunakekelwa kwesikhumba kanye nokubulala amagciwane, okwenza kube yinto esebenzayo enobungani nesikhumba enezinhlelo zokusebenza eziningi.
Noma kunjalo, ubuchwepheshe bokukhipha izinto zokusetshenziswa ze-bamboo fiber abuvuthiwe kangako kunokotini, futhi izindawo zokukhiqiza zilinganiselwe ngokwendawo. Ngakho-ke izindleko zayo zezinto zokusetshenziswa ziphakeme kakhulu kunokotini, okuholela emananini aphezulu okuthengisa izingubo eziqediwe.
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I-Fiber Yezimpaphe Zenkukhu
Ubungane bemvelo: ★★★
Ubuciko: ★★★
Ukusebenza Okungabizi Kakhulu: ★★★
Ithemba Lokuthuthukiswa: ★★★★
Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele: ukugcinwa kokufudumala okuphezulu, izinhlelo zokusebenza eziguquguqukayo
Ukuthuthukiswa nokusetshenziswa kwe-chicken feather fiber sekuyinto ethandwayo phakathi kososayensi. E-China, imikhiqizo ye-down efana ne-duck down kanye ne-goose down sekuyisikhathi eside yamukelwa kabanzi ezingutsheni nasezindwangu zasekhaya. Kodwa-ke, ucwaningo kanye nentuthuko ngezimpaphe zenkukhu, ikakhulukazi i-chicken feather fiber, lusesesigabeni salo sokuqala sasekhaya.
Imboni enkulu yokufuya izinkukhu eShayina ikhule ngokushesha eminyakeni yamuva nje, iveza inani elikhulu lezimpaphe zezinkukhu. Kodwa-ke izinhlelo zokuqoqa ezingezinhle zisho ukuthi inani elikhulu lezimpaphe zezinkukhu lilahlwa nje njengemfucuza. Ngokusho kukaZhu Baoyu, uchwepheshe ovela ezikhungweni zocwaningo lwendwangu, ukuthuthukiswa kwezimpaphe zezinkukhu kwamanye amazwe kuye kwahlanganisa imikhakha ehlanganisa ukuzivikela kwezwe kanye nezingubo zemfashini. Izimpaphe zezinkukhu ziqukethe i-keratin engaphezu kuka-85%, kanye nezinhlobo ezingu-18 zama-amino acid kanye nezakhi eziningi zamaminerali, okwenza zibe umthombo wemvelo obalulekile.
I-fiber yezimpaphe zenkukhu ithembisa amathuba amahle okuthuthuka. I-fiber yezimpaphe zenkukhu ezifakwe ikhabhoni ingasebenza njengezinto zokugcina i-hydrogen. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi i-fiber yezimpaphe zenkukhu ezifakwe ikhabhoni yokugcina i-hydrogen ingathuthukisa kakhulu ubuchwepheshe obukhona bokugcina i-hydrogen futhi ingasusa izithiyo ezivimbela izimoto ezisebenzisa i-hydrogen, amaloli kanye neminye imishini. Okuphawulekayo ukuthi, isitoreji se-hydrogen sisebenzisa izimpaphe zenkukhu ezifakwe ikhabhoni sinobungani nemvelo, futhi i-fiber yemvelo esekelwe kumaprotheni iyabola.
Izimpaphe ze-pheasant zingasetshenziswa kumavesti avikela izinhlamvu esizukulwaneni esilandelayo. Eminyakeni yamuva nje, uMnyango Wezokuvikela wase-UK uthuthukise amavesti avikela izinhlamvu asebenza kahle kakhulu enziwe ngamavesti e-pheasant. Lawa mavesti amasha alula kakhulu futhi ashibhile kunalawo enziwe nge-Kevlar fiber. Izimpaphe ze-pheasant zinezakhiwo ezihlukile kanye nenani eliphezulu lokusetshenziswa. Zingacutshungulwa zibe yizingubo ze-damask, i-satin, i-brocade kanye nesilika ezisezingeni eliphezulu, kanye namafeni ezimpaphe, imidwebo yezimpaphe, amathoyizi kanye nemisebenzi yezandla.
Izimpaphe zenkukhu nazo ziyizinto zokusetshenziswa zephepha lokuhlunga umoya elisezingeni eliphezulu. Iphepha elihlanganiswe nefayibha yezimpaphe zenkukhu liqukethe ifayibha yezimpaphe zenkukhu engu-51% kanye ne-pulp yokhuni engu-49%, okubonisa izinzuzo ezisobala zemvelo. Ukuhlolwa kubonisa ukuthi iphepha lokuhlunga umoya elikhiqizwe kule nhlanganisela lingafinyelela ubukhulu obungama-micrometer angu-5 kuphela. Amandla alo okuhlunga amahle kakhulu abamba izinto ezibangela ukungezwani komzimba kanye nezinhlayiya zothuli, kunciphisa ukwanda kwesifo sokwakha i-sick kanye nezindawo zasekhaya nezasehhovisi ezifanele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, iphepha elisekelwe ezimpapheni zenkukhu lingenziwa ama-diaper: alula ngo-20% kunama-diaper avamile kodwa aphinde kabili kunawo. Ifayibha yezimpaphe zenkukhu ingacutshungulwa ibe izinto ezilula, eziqinile, ezinamandla aphezulu zemishini yasehhovisi, izingxenye zangaphakathi zezimoto, amaphaneli angaphandle esikebhe semikhumbi kanye nezindawo zokulala ezinqoleni zabagibeli besitimela.
I-Fiber ye-Hemp yesitshalo yohlobo olusha
Ubungane bemvelo: ★★★★★
Ubuciko: ★★★★
Ukusebenza Okungabizi Kakhulu: ★★★★★
Ithemba Lokuthuthukiswa: ★★
Ukuhlolwa Okuphelele: kuyaphefumula futhi kungokwemvelo, kodwa akunazo induduzo
Imikhiqizo ye-hemp yamukelwa kahle ngabathengi ngenxa yokuthungwa kwayo kwemvelo, ukukwazi kwayo ukuphefumula kanye nezakhiwo zayo zokulwa namagciwane. Izinhlobo ezifana ne-pineapple fiber kanye ne-banana fiber zanelisa ukuphishekela kwabantu banamuhla izindlela zokuphila zemvelo.
I-fibre yephayinaphu, eyaziwa nangokuthi i-pineapple hemp, ikhishwa emaqabunga ephayinaphu. Ngemva kokuhlukaniswa, ukomiswa kanye nokunye ukwelashwa, i-fibre ephumayo ikhiqiza izindwangu okulula ukuzidaya nokuziphrinta, ezimunca umjuluko, eziphefumulayo, eziqinile futhi ezingabi nemibimbi ngenduduzo yokuguguleka efanele. I-fibre yephayinaphu iqukethe izinqwaba ze-fibre eziboshwe ngokuqinile, ngayinye ehlanganiswe kusuka kumaseli e-fibre angu-10-20. Ubuso bayo bunzima, bunemifantu emide, imigodi kanye nama-node aphambene, futhi ayinazo izimbobo zemvelo. Ukuphotha kwayo kuphakeme kune-jute kodwa kungaphansi kwe-flax. Ukususa i-gum efanele ngaphambi kokuphotha kungathuthukisa kakhulu ukusebenza kwayo kokuphotha.
I-fibre yephayinaphu exutshwe nekotini ingakhiqiza izindwangu ze-denim; ixutshwe nesilika, ikhiqiza izindwangu ezisemthethweni zezinga eliphezulu. Intambo ye-fibre yephayinaphu engu-100% eyenziwe ngokuphotha kwe-rotor ingasetshenziswa njengentambo ye-weft futhi ihlanganiswe nezinye izindwangu ukudala izindwangu zokuhlobisa kanye nezindwangu ze-upholstery. Izinhlanganisela noboya zifanele amasudi nezingubo zangaphandle. Uma ixutshwe nekotini, ingalukwa ibe yizindwangu zamakhethini, amashidi okulala, indwangu ye-upholstery, amathawula kanye namakhaphethi. Izinhlanganisela ze-polyester/acrylic kanye ne-fibre yephayinaphu zingasetshenziswa ezingutsheni zangaphandle zabesifazane ezithungiwe kanye ne-hosiery. Intambo ye-fibre yephayinaphu inamandla amakhulu okudonseka kanye noboya obuningi kunentambo yekotoni, okwenza ifaneleke kakhulu ngendwangu yentambo yesondo kanye nezintambo ze-V zebhande lokuhambisa irabha. I-canvas eyenziwe ngentambo yephayinaphu ithola amandla aphezulu kunendwangu yekotoni enencazelo efanayo.
I-fibre yebhanana itholakala egxolweni elingaphakathi lebhanana elithambile elinemicu ngokulomisa, ukucwenga kanye nokuvula i-fibre. Yakhiwe kakhulu nge-cellulose, i-hemicellulose kanye ne-lignin. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwe-cellulose kuphansi kune-flax kanye ne-jute, okuholela ekukhanyeni okungaphansi, ukuthamba, ukunwebeka kanye nokusonta. I-fibre yebhanana eyodwa inobude obufana ne-jute kodwa imfushane kune-flax. I-fibre yebhanana ekhishwe ngamakhemikhali ingasetshenziswa ekuphotheni uhlelo lwekotoni.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Agasti-25-2026